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  <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">67</journal-id>
  <journal-id journal-id-type="short-title">gfpr</journal-id>
  <journal-id journal-id-type="doi">10.31703/gfpr</journal-id>
  <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title>Global Foreign Policies Review</journal-title>
    <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">gfpr</abbrev-journal-title>
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  <issn publication-format="print">2788-502X</issn>
  <issn publication-format="electronic">2788-5038</issn>
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    <publisher-name>Humanity Publications</publisher-name>
    <publisher-loc>Pakistan</publisher-loc>
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  <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">395853</article-id>
  <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31703/gfpr.2025(VIII-IV).02</article-id>
  <article-id pub-id-type="other" specific-use="submission-id">6320</article-id>
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    <article-title xml:lang="en">Securitisation of the Climate Crisis in Pakistan’s Media Discourse: A Case Study of Glacial Melting</article-title>
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<contrib-group>
  <contrib contrib-type="author" seq="1" corresp="yes">
    <name>
      <surname>Jamal</surname>
      <given-names>Urooj</given-names>
    </name>
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  <contrib contrib-type="author" seq="2">
    <name>
      <surname>Khalid</surname>
      <given-names>Fatima</given-names>
    </name>
    <role vocab="credit" vocab-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/" vocab-term="Writing – review &amp; editing" vocab-term-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/writing-review-editing/">Writing – review &amp; editing</role>
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  <contrib contrib-type="author" seq="3">
    <name>
      <surname>Shah</surname>
      <given-names>Qasim Ali</given-names>
    </name>
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  <aff id="aff1">
    <label>1</label>
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      <institution>MS Scholar, Riphah Institute of Media Sciences, Riphah International University</institution>
    </institution-wrap>
    <addr-line>Islamabad</addr-line>
    <country>Pakistan</country>
  </aff>
  <aff id="aff2">
    <label>2</label>
    <institution-wrap>
      <institution>PhD, Department of Developmental Sciences, COMSATS University</institution>
    </institution-wrap>
    <addr-line>Islamabad</addr-line>
    <country>Pakistan</country>
  </aff>
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<author-notes>
  <corresp id="cor1">Corresponding Author: Urooj Jamal, MS Scholar, Riphah Institute of Media Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.</corresp>
<fn fn-type="COI-statement" id="fn-coi">
  <p>The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="ethics-statement" id="fn-ethics">
  <p>This study did not require formal ethics approval.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="data-availability-statement" id="fn-data">
  <p>Data sharing is not applicable to this article.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub" date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
  <day>31</day>
  <month>12</month>
  <year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection">
  <month>12</month>
  <year>2025</year>
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<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="print">
  <day>04</day>
  <month>12</month>
  <year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
  <volume>8</volume>
  <issue>4</issue>
  <season>Fall</season>
  <fpage>8</fpage>
  <lpage>14</lpage>
  <history>
    <date date-type="accepted">
      <day>04</day>
      <month>12</month>
      <year>2025</year>
    </date>
  </history>
<funding-group>
  <funding-statement>
<p>The authors received no specific funding for this work.</p>
  </funding-statement>
</funding-group>
<permissions>
  <copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
  <copyright-holder>Humanity Publications</copyright-holder>
  <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
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<self-uri content-type="text/html" xlink:href="https://gfprjournal.com/article/securitisation-of-the-climate-crisis-in-pakistans-media-discourse-a-case-study-of-glacial-melting"/>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://gfprjournal.com/pdf/gfpr/OD4wPDVPLy.pdf"/>
<supplementary-material id="suppl-pdf" content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://gfprjournal.com/pdf/gfpr/OD4wPDVPLy.pdf">
  <label>PDF</label>
  <caption>
    <title>Full Text PDF</title>
  </caption>
</supplementary-material>
  <abstract>
    <p>This paper will discuss the ways the Pakistani print media and the governmental communication discuss glacial melting and the crisis of climate change as a threat to national security during 2022-2025. The study presents the use of scientific evidence in justifying securitised narratives through qualitative analysis of  Dawn, The Express Tribune, official statements, NDMA alerts, and research findings regarding Dawn. The melting of glaciers is always projected as a threat to water security, economic stability, hydropower, as well as to the safety of people. These frames are strengthened by government rhetoric to support the need to adapt, institutional change, and finance climate change. All in all, the paper is a valuable addition to the existing body of literature on the theme of climate securitisation in the Global South because it proves that the constructions of climate change as a nation-survival issue are a collective effort by Pakistani media and state actors.</p>
  </abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-keywords">
  <kwd>Climate Securitisation</kwd>
  <kwd>Glacier Melting</kwd>
  <kwd>Pakistani Newspaper Media</kwd>
  <kwd>Framing of National Security</kwd>
  <kwd>Communication of Climatic Risks</kwd>
  <kwd>Pakistani Hindu Karakoram Himalaya</kwd>
  <kwd>Climate Discourse</kwd>
  <kwd>GLOF Hazards</kwd>
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<body>
  <sec id="sec-intro">
    <title>Content</title>
    <p>This paper will discuss the ways the Pakistani print media and the governmental communication discuss glacial melting and the crisis of climate change as a threat to national security during 2022-2025. The study presents the use of scientific evidence in justifying securitised narratives through qualitative analysis of  Dawn, The Express Tribune, official statements, NDMA alerts, and research findings regarding Dawn. The melting of glaciers is always projected as a threat to water security, economic stability, hydropower, as well as to the safety of people. These frames are strengthened by government rhetoric to support the need to adapt, institutional change, and finance climate change. All in all, the paper is a valuable addition to the existing body of literature on the theme of climate securitisation in the Global South because it proves that the constructions of climate change as a nation-survival issue are a collective effort by Pakistani media and state actors.</p>
  </sec>
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<back>
<fn-group content-type="conflict-of-interest">
  <title>Conflict of Interest</title>
  <fn fn-type="conflict">
<p>The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p>
  </fn>
</fn-group>
<fn-group content-type="ethics-statement">
  <title>Ethics Statement</title>
  <fn fn-type="ethics">
<p>This study did not require formal ethics approval.</p>
  </fn>
</fn-group>
<fn-group content-type="data-availability">
  <title>Data Availability</title>
  <fn fn-type="data-availability-statement">
<p>Data sharing is not applicable to this article.</p>
  </fn>
</fn-group>
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  <app id="app-suppl">
    <title>Supplementary Materials</title>
<supplementary-material id="suppl-pdf" content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://gfprjournal.com/pdf/gfpr/OD4wPDVPLy.pdf">
  <label>PDF</label>
  <caption>
    <title>Full Text PDF</title>
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